Nestle Marketing Analysis

Nestle Marketing Analysis This is a report as well as a marketing plan about Nestle and its new product Nescafe Menu. The report is about the Halal food leader ― Nestle (Malaysia) and its activity on how they market their products and sustain their leader position in the current market. Moreover, there will be a detail analysis on the current marketing situation which included SWOT, PEST and financial analysis plus the marketing strategies applied by the company in order to domain the market. The marketing strategies will further the discussion by involving the pricing, product, distribution and promotion strategies. However, the main focus will fall on the company ― Nestle Malaysia, the market of soluble coffee, the brand Nescafe and its new launched products. In addition, recommendations and solutions are provided by the author to solve the current scenario and overcome the problems. Nestlà © (Malaysia) Berhad plays the role as the leader of Halal food manufacturer and the first multinational to voluntarily request for Halal Certification of all its food products when it was first introduced in 1996. Nestlà © is establish in 1912 and public-listed on Bursa Malaysia since 1989. Currently the biggest Halal producer in the Nestlà © world. In Malaysia, Nestlà © employs 5000 people, owns 7 factories and 6 sales offices plus one national distribution centre. The head office based in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. (Nestle, 2008) Nestlà ©Worldwide Nestlà © is a multinational company that leading the global food business. It is founds by a Swiss chemist ─ Mr. Henri Nestle. Nestlà © have the worlds largest food manufacturer and the worlds largest private nutrition research capability based in Switzerland. Overall, Nestlà © present in over 100 countries with 276,000 employees worldwide and 456 factories in 84 countries. Currently, Nestlà © owns over 8500 brands and produce over 10,000 different products. Nestlà © hits the sale of 32 billion products yearly. Furthermore, Nestlà © have 24 Research Development centres worldwide and invest RM5 billion annually on RD. (Nestle,2008) Introduction about the product ― NESCAFÉ ®MENUâ„ ¢ At November 2009, Nestle introduced a new range of beverage to captures locals heart. New Nescafe menu is your menu of Malaysian favourite. Bring home the authentic taste of your favourite coffee shop flavours anytime and anywhere. (Nestle,2009) Key Benefit Nestle provides good quality products with improving nutrition and health benefits under Halal policy benefits everyone especially Muslims so that consumers can enjoy their favourite food or beverage without worries with the Halal assurance promised by Nestle. (Nestle,2010) The introduce of Popularly Positioned Products (PPP) brings affordable nutrition accessible (based on local considerations, food regulations, nutrient deficiencies and public health concern) for society and leads a healthier lifestyle and diet plan with the Nestlà © Nutritional Compass label in all nestle products. (Nestle,2008) Talk about the new Nescafe menu that contains coffee as the main ingredient. In fact, according to Don Howat (2009) coffee is something great because it contains antioxidants. Meanwhile, he hopes that there is a change of the wrong perception ‘coffee is bad for health among Malaysian and able to target non-coffee drinker and increases the consumption of coffee in Malaysia which is consider as low compared to other countries. Current Marketing Situation Nestlà © Malaysia, currently the biggest Halal producer in the world, markets more than 300 Halal products in market, is warranting its appointment as the Halal Centre of Excellence for Nestlà © worldwide. Exports its products to more than 40 countries worldwide with export sales of over RM470 million. Imports Halal products from the 66 Nestlà © factories worldwide that are certified Halal. (Nestle,2010) According to Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong (2010), differentiated marketing means a firm decides to target several market segments and design separate offer for each. Nestle (Malaysia) utilizing differentiated marketing (segmented marketing) strategy by having several categories of product that means to target different customer. Categories of product in Malaysia: Example of brand name in Malaysia ÃÅ" Coffee and Beverage ÃÅ" Nescafe / Milo ÃÅ" Culinary Aids/ Prepared Foods ÃÅ" Maggi ÃÅ" Milks ÃÅ" Nespray/ Nesvita ÃÅ" Liquid Drinks ÃÅ" Perrier ÃÅ" Junior Foods ÃÅ" Nestle Baby Cereals ÃÅ" Breakfast Cereals ÃÅ" Nestle Breakfast Cereals ÃÅ" Chilled Diary ÃÅ" Nestle Bliss/ Nespray Yogurt ÃÅ" Ice-cream ÃÅ" Nestle ice cream / Drumstick ÃÅ" Chocolate and Confectionery ÃÅ" Kit-Kat / Smarties / Milkybar ÃÅ" Healthcare Nutrition ÃÅ" Nutren Optimum / Fibre / Junior ÃÅ" Performance Nutrition ÃÅ" POWERBAR Performance / Gel ÃÅ" Nestle Professional ÃÅ" Nestle Professional Table 2 : Nestlà ©s categories of product and brand name in Malaysia Adapted from Nestle in your life, our brands, 2010. From http://www.nestle.com.my/nestle+in+your+life/our+brands/ Nescafe commands 70 per cent market share in the coffee segment locally Nescafe practises differentiated marketing too by having 5 different range of coffee (mainstream coffee, healthy coffee, Nescafe Classic and Gold). Simultaneously, Nescafe Menu marketing three different beverages that include Nescafe Menu Tarik, Ipoh White Coffee and Nelso to targets a group of local people (Malaysian) includes coffee lovers and non-coffee drinkers (all age) by offering coffee shops all time top seller. (Don Howat, 2009) Product review for NESCAFÉ ®MENUâ„ ¢ Nescafe Menu Tarik -satisfy your craving for a delicious foamy cup of coffee and indulge in the authentic taste of a tarik. Nescafe Menu Ipoh White Coffee -three minutes are all it takes for you to enjoy a deliciously creamy, smooth and aromatic cup of Ipoh white coffee, anytime of the day or night. Nescafe Menu Neslo -for those who must have your morning cup of neslo before the day can start, heres the one for you with the rich taste of Nescafe coffee and the goodness of chocolate malt, all serve in one delicious blend. Table 2: Product Review of NESCAFÉ ®MENUâ„ ¢ Adapted From Nestle in your life, our brands, beverages ― Nescafe, NESCAFÉ ® MENUâ„ ¢, (Nestle, 2010) From http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+In+Your+Life/Our+Brands/Beverages/Nescafe.htm New Nescafe Menu benefits consumer by giving them a big flexibility and in-home enjoyment without stepping out the house to coffee shop for beverages. The new Nescafà © Menu range is available at all leading supermarkets and hypermarkets in 15-pack bags at the recommended retail prices of RM12.90 (The Star Newspaper 2009). Currently, only the white coffee produced by old town is consider as the direct competitor because they having the same product as Nescafe Menus white coffee. PowerRoot and BOH are indirect competitor because they dont have the same (but similar) product as Nescafe Menu yet they are the strong competitor in the market so its important to keep an eyes on the companys activities. Competitive Review White Coffee 3-in-1 Classic by Old Town * Old Town kopitiam(coffee house) had 141 outlet in Malaysia and still growing (old town, 2010). * Rated as Malaysians favourite hang out place for its signature white coffee. * A perfect, smooth blend of original white coffee. Rich, creamy and aromatic, it has a heightened lingering mouth feel (Old Town, 2010). * 15 sticks in a Packet, RM12.90 * The famous Cameron Highland tea * Rated as Malaysias all time local favourite beverage. * Experience the robust, full-flavour of Boh Teh Tarik Kurang Manis with less sugar in each convenient sachet * 12 sachet in a packet for RM7.90 Oligo cereal (6 in 1) by PowerROOT * Nescafes main competitor for soluble coffee range * Cereal drink mixed with a fine blend ofoats,cereal,B-Glucan,Oligofructose, sugar and non-dairy creamer * 12 sachet in a packet for RM12.90 PEST analysis Nestlà ©s PEST Analysis (P)olitical * In support of the Governments efforts to combat non-communicable diseases in the country, Nestle collaborated with relevant NGOs to participate actively during the Nutrition Month Malaysia campaign to promote good nutrition in the community (Nestle, 2008). * Nestle is in full support of the Governments efforts to encourage healthier diets and active lifestyles to help counter problems associated with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. We have made significant change to improve our products profile to complement the Governments efforts to create a healthier population (Nestle, 2008). (E)conomic * Flat domestic sales reflects slowdown in local economy and changes in consumer spending behaviour. (Nestle, 2009) * The weak market sentiments due to the global economic slowdown and changes in consumer spending behaviour (spending less and saving more), have some bearing to the Groups domestic business, which remained flat for the period under review. (Nestle, 2009) (S)ocial * Nestle was founded on social responsibility, sound human values and principles more than 140 years ago (Nestle, 2008). * Malaysias majority = Muslim. Consumers trust and confidence on quality and peace of mind for Muslim consumers (Nestle, 2008). * Our interest in Halal was borne out of social responsibility and respect for our Muslim employees and consumers, and today, we are beginning to appreciate the long-term investment we have made in manufacturing and marketing Halal products (Nestle, 2010). * Though it is a global brand, Nescafe is locally produced to meet the taste preferences of local consumers (Nestle, 2010). (T)echnology * Improve innovation technology and supplier development through Halal knowledge (Nestle, 2010) plus innovate renovate nutritious and healthier products using RD expertise (Nestle, 2008). * Every Nestle product undergoes as extensive RD process and a stringent quality standard before it is launched, because we value the trust that our consumers have in us (Nestle, 2008). * Nestle consumers all over the world benefit from world-class manufacturing facilities, the best private RD capability in food and nutrition, international quality and safety standards but with products catered to local preferences (Nestle, 2010). * Our global investment in RD clearly shows Nestlà ©s commitment in innovating and renovating products based on scientific evidence and trials (Nestle, 2008). SWOT Analysis (S)trengths (1) High market share ÃÅ" For instant, Nescafe commands 70 per cent market share in the coffee segment locally as the leader. (Don Howat, 2009) (2) Size, operational efficiency and financial power ÃÅ" Owns 7 factory and 6 sale office at Malaysia with one national distribution centre that involve exportation of Halal product to more than 40 countries. (Nestle, 2008) (3) Wide range of products ÃÅ" Nestlà © owns over 8500 brands and produce over 10,000 different products. (Nestle, 2008) (4) Ability to customize global product brand to local preferences ÃÅ" For example, markets more than 300 Halal products in market, to more than 40 countries. (Nestle, 2008) (5) Strong Research development ÃÅ" Have 24 Research Development centres worldwide and invest RM5 billions annually. (Nestle, 2008) (6) Halal policy ÃÅ" Helps in targeting Muslim by assuring them with all product is Halal and also attract non-Muslim customer at the same time. (Nestle, 2010) (W)eakness (1) Very narrow product line for beverages ÃÅ" Only promotes chocolate malt (milo), coffee (Nescafe) and milk beverage. (O)pportunity (1) New product discover (expanding product line) ÃÅ" The discover of New Nescafe Menu is a good example whereby it also help to expands the range of coffee under the Nescafe brand. In the future, they maybe will produce coffee candy in different flavour. (2) Changing of customer needs/tastes ÃÅ" For instant, customers have more awareness toward their health care and wish to have product that come with low sugar contain thus Nestle can introduces their products with low sugar contain to fulfil customers needs. (3) New technology ÃÅ" To improve the products quality by implementing the new technology and maintain their market share in the industry. (T)hreats (1) Economic downturn ÃÅ" Threaten profit margins and bottom-line. If the firm decides to cut cost, many people might lose their job and social responsibility is frequently put on hold. (Nestle,2008) (2) Entry of new competitor ÃÅ" For instant, the Starbucks also blends into the soluble coffee market with their signature premium coffee. Thus, Starbucks might affect the sales of Nescafe premium range product. Financial Analysis Financial analysis use and transformation of financial data into a form that can be used to monitor and evaluate the firms financial position, to plan future financing, and to designate the size of the firm and its rate of growth (allbusiness.com, 2010). Based on the 5 years statistics (appendix 2), it proved that the company is growing healthy from the year 2004 to 2008. In 2008 Nestle Malaysia post a turnover of RM3.9 billion (approximately) for the year ending 31 December 2008, which represents a 13.5 % growth over 2007. Profit before tax is increasing from year 2004 to 2008. However, the percentage of turnover which is rated as 11.6% in 2007 fall to 11.4% in 2008, due to heavy capital expenditure(which contributed to higher financing costs) (Nestle, 2009). With the implementation of lower tax expenses by government, Nestle (Malaysia) manage to nudge the profit margin after tax from 8.5% to 8.8%. According to Nestle (2009), the Board of Directors has recommended a final net dividend of 80 cent per share, giving a total net dividend proposed and declared for the financial year of 191.19 cent per share that represents a 68.0% increase compared to the previous period and hits the highest in the Groups history. From the balance sheet (appendix 3), we can see that the Nestle group and Nestle Malaysia are growing stronger and having a very positive view about their assets with the increments. Overall, the group have RM1,660,401,000 of asset while the company have RM1,110,879,000 of assets. Furthermore, it achieved a balance with their equity and liability that shows the company is healthy with strong financial. By observing the income statement (appendix 4), the company is making more profit (compared by year 2007 and 2008). Nestle Malaysia hits RM435,269,000 of revenue for 2008 which is higher than year 2007 by increase of RM75,116,000. For the Nestle group the gain approximately RM3.9 billion at 2008 and its better than the previous year with RM3.4 billion. The basic earnings per ordinary share (cent) for year 2008 is 145 while year 2007 is 125. It shows that currently the company is still doing well. Based on the cash flow statement (appendix 5), the available cash of the group and company is decreasing. It is because of the cash is used for heavy financing activities. Group 2008 RM000 Group 2007 RM000 Company 2008 RM000 Company 2007 RM000 Net cash from operating activities 555,972 290,657 401,005 226,134 Net cash from investing activities (185,696) (100,721) 28,219 21,667 Net cash used in financing activities (376,256) (214,094) (445,550) (234,505) Cash and cash equivalents at 31 Dec 25,690 31,670 1,042 17,368 Objectives 1st years objective (short term) Hoping to double our share (to reach 70 per cent of the total market) of the speciality coffee market by next year with the launch of New Nescafe Menu (Don Howat,2009) Catering to Malaysian tastes by offering a mix of drinks across different ranges and the new products add to the companys product portfolio of these ranges. (Don Howat,2009) See an increase in coffee consumption in Malaysia. (Don Howat,2009) Hope to change the perception that coffee is bad for health and educate consumer on the goodness of antioxidants contained in coffee. (Don Howat,2009) 2nd years objective (and long term objective) Improving current portfolio to ensure the products has more nutritious without affecting the taste (for example, less sugar, salt and fats). (Nestle, 2008) Maximise the use of good quality local raw materials. (Nestle, 2010) Creating and increasing consumers awareness on nutritional labelling, food safety and consumer rights to safe and quality food. (Nestle, 2008) Guarantee that all products manufactured, imported and distributed by Nestlà © Malaysia are certified HALAL by authorised Islamic certification bodies. (Nestle, 2010) Produce and sell world-class products of the highest consistent quality, reliability and convenience based on business excellence principles throughout our operations.(Nestle, 2010) Marketing Strategies Nescafe Menu utilizing the multiple segmentation bases which included of geographic, behaviour, and demographic segmentation. NESCAFÉMENUs Segmentation for Consumer Market Geographic Country Malaysia Country religion Asia Demographic Age 12 ― 65+ Gender Male and female Family size 1―5+ Family life circle Single/ married (with or without children) Income Upper low and above Occupation Students, working adult, housewives retired Religion Muslim(mainly), Hindu Buddhist Race Malay, Chinese, Indian others Nationality Malaysian Behavioural Occasions Regular Benefits Quality and convenience User status Potential user and regular user User rates Medium use Loyalty Status Strong and absolute Readiness stage Interested, desirous and intention of buying Attitude toward product Positive Table 3: NESCAFÉMENUs Segmentation for Consumer Market Adapt from Major Segmentation Variable for consumer markets by Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong (2010). Available at Principles of Marketing (13th edition) Chapter 7― Customer-Driven Marketing (Market Segmentation) page 217. Selective marketing (differentiated marketing) ― market-coverage strategy in which a firm decides to target several market segments with separated offers (Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong 2010). Nestle as leader of global food market applied selective targeting by differentiated their products to numbers of categories that means to target different customer. Categories of product Example of product Targeted customer (in general) ÃÅ" Coffee and Beverage ÃÅ" Nescafe / Milo ÃÅ" All range ÃÅ" Culinary Aids/ Prepared Foods ÃÅ" Maggi ÃÅ" Household, mainly teenager and university students. ÃÅ" Milks ÃÅ" Nespray/ Nesvita ÃÅ" Household ÃÅ" Liquid Drinks ÃÅ" Perrier ÃÅ" Upper middle range ÃÅ" Junior Foods ÃÅ" Nestle Baby Cereals ÃÅ" Parents with baby ÃÅ" Breakfast Cereals ÃÅ" Nestle Breakfast Cereals ÃÅ" Parents with children ÃÅ" Chilled Diary ÃÅ" Nestle Bliss/ Nespray Yogurt ÃÅ" Household ÃÅ" Ice-cream ÃÅ" Nestle ice cream / Drumstick ÃÅ" Parents with children ÃÅ" Chocolate and Confectionery ÃÅ" Kit-Kat / Smarties / Milkybar ÃÅ" All range ÃÅ" Healthcare Nutrition ÃÅ" Nutren Optimum / Fibre / Junior ÃÅ" Household ÃÅ" Performance Nutrition ÃÅ" POWERBAR Performance / Gel ÃÅ" Student working adult ÃÅ" Nestle Professional ÃÅ" Nestle Professional ÃÅ" Medium/ large Companies Table 3: Nestlà ©s products, brand name and their targeted customer. Adapted From Nestle in your life, our brands (Nestle, 2010) From http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+In+Your+Life/Our+Brands.htm Nescafe is a convenience product type of consumer product that consumers usually buy frequently, immediately, and with a minimum of comparison and buying effort. Normally low priced and marketers place them in many locations to make them readily available when customers need them (Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong, 2010). (a) Pricing Strategies Major base pricing strategies à ® Value-based pricing [Everyday low pricing (EDLP)]  § Set reasonably low price but still offer high quality products and adequate customer services. Prices are not the highest in the market nor are the lowest, consistent with the benefits and costs associated with acquiring the product.(O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008)  § For instant, Nestle(M) re-launched the everyday low price Nestle branded range of Take-Home Tubs with Hi calcium, in line with the Nestle corporate wellness initiatives, to further strengthen the leadership position in the affordable segment. (Nestle, 2008) à ® Competitive Matching Pricing strategy focuses on matching competitors prices and price changes. Although some firms may charge slightly more or slightly less, these firms set prices at what most consider to be the ‘going rate for the industry(O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Nestle set the Nescafe Menu according to the ‘going rate whereby market the 15-pack bags at the recommended retail prices of RM12.90 which is almost the same with the Old Towns white coffee (RM12.90) Strategies for adjusting à ® Promotion discounting Virtually all firms, even those using value-based pricing, will occasionally run special promotions or sales to attract customers and create excitement (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Nestle uses this strategy to attract new and old customer and increase their sales during promotion. à ® Reference pricing Firms use reference pricing when they compare the actual selling price to an internal or external reference price. All customer use internal reference prices or the internal expectation for what a product should cost. As consumers, our experiences have given us a reasonable expectation of how much to pay for the product (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). A pack of 15 pack-bags coffee cost above RM7.90 above and at the average price of RM11.50 to RM13.50 thus consumer expectation price also will be around that ‘reference price. (b) Product Strategies The launched of New Nescafe Menu is using product line extensions strategy by adding new flavours of coffee to Nescafe brand. These products supplement an existing product line with new styles, models, features or flavour and it allow the firm to keep its product fresh and exciting with minimal development cost and risk of market failure (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Product Strategies Branding strategy * Line extensions à ® It occurs when a company extends existing brand names to new forms, colours, sizes, ingredients, or flavours of an existing product category. (Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong, 2010) à ® In this scenario, Nescafe introduce the new Nescafe menu by proving three new flavour of coffee to meet consumer variety. Packing and labelling * Nescafe Menu used a simple design by implements the photo of beverages in the packing and picks the colour to suit the beverages. * A big and clear brand name is spot in the top of the packing. * 15-pack bags at the recommended retail prices of RM12.90 * Nescafe also provide 3 flavour in a box of 6-pack bags for consumer who want to have a try for all the flavour. Customer Support Service * According to O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline (2008), a firm may have difficulty differentiating its products when all products in a market have essentially the same quality, features, or benefits. In such cases, providing good customer support ― both before and after the sale helps in identifying and defining consumer needs. * Nestle provides the toll-free customer service line (1800 88 3433) in order to help them to know more about consumers needs and strengthen the current position. Product Life Cycle ― Nescafe Introduction stage i. Attracting customer by raising awareness of and interest in the product offering though advertising, public relation and publicity efforts that connect key product benefits to customers needs and wants (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). First, Nestle make the official launch for new product included Press conference then advertising their product through newspaper, radio and television. ii. Inducing customer to try and buy the product through the use of various sale tools and pricing activities (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Nestle conducts free testing section, gives free samples to customer at hypermarket and offers their product in cheaper price during the promotion of new launched product. iii. Furthermore, Nestle ensure there is high availability and visibility of the product through trade promotion activities that encourage channel (hypermarket, convenient store and etc) to stock and support the product (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Growth stage i. Nescafe has a strong branding, high quality with reasonable price to secure their market position. ii. Utilize advertising to stress the products benefits for target customer (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). iii. Maintain and control over product quality to ensure customer satisfaction (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). For example, Nestle collect the customers feedback through their customer service line and email. iv. Contact with key channel especially retailers to get a better shelf space that easily catch customers eyes. Maturity stage i. Nescafe manage to hold the 70% market share of the Malaysian market share with its soluble coffee ranges (Don Howat, 2009) ii. Nestle able to create cash flow and invest it for new products or technology to improve their companys portfolio. iii. At this stage, Nescafe also develop a new product image and apply the new technology to their products. (c) Distribution strategy Nestle uses the indirect marketing channel with intensive distribution that makes a product available in the maximum number of merchants or outlets in each area to gain as much exposure and as many sales opportunity as possible (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Multiple customer-marketing channel Adapted from Business (tenth edition)by William M. Pride, Robert J. Hughes, Jack R. Kapoor, 2009. Available at http://books.google.com.my/books?id=zb0cItqvLJUCpg=PT427dq=customer+marketing+channelhl=enei=PNa4S6_3I4SyrAfPpfXDCgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=7ved=0CFMQ6AEwBg#v=onepageq=customer%20marketing%20channelf=false Nestlà © as the producer keep the product in their national distribution centre which is used as the main logistic function ― warehouse. Next, wholesaler represent hypermarket that gets the products for the agent (sales office) and then sell it to retailer and customer. (d) Promotion strategy Nestle applied the promotion mix as the promotion strategies. Nescafe use product advertising to promote the image, features, uses, benefits, and distribution of products (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). They present their advertising through television, radio, magazines, newspapers, outdoor display and the internet. Thus, consumers can have a look of the physical evidence of the product. Public relations can be referring to the process in the 7Ps of the marketing mix. It used to promote the firms, its people, its ideas, and its image and even to create an internal shared understanding among employees and can create specific images such as quality, innovativeness, value, or concern for social issues (O.C. Ferrell Michael D. Hartline, 2008). Nestle uses different methods such as press conferences, press releases and event sponsorship. For instant, Nescafe organizes press conferences and releases official press to announce the launch of the Nescafe Menu. Personal selling refers to personal presentation by the firms sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships. Sales people (as one of the 7Ps of marketing mix) will carry out the communication that attempts to inform customers about products and persuade them to purchase those products. Nestle uses the 6 sales offices and their employees to sell their products. Sales promotion direct towards consumers and trade is applied. Nestle gives sale promotion by giving out samples, point-of-purchase promotion and contests. For example, Nestle promotes different contests for their product seasonally to create excitement for consumers and increase the sales. Moreover, they offer trade allowance and selling incentives offered to an intermediarys sales force. Conclusion and recommendations In conclusion, Nestle group is a strong financial corporate and Nestle Malaysia is a Multinational company that have a bright future in exporting Halal product to more countries out of Asia. The ‘born of the new Nescafe Menu means a revolution of Nescafe beverages by offers local-styled coffee according to consumers needs. Furthermore, I discovered that Nestle do not have a brand that offers tea beverages as new line of product and attract non-coffee drinker to be Nestlà ©s consumer. Moreover, Nescafe ought to provide all their beverages in can so that it easy to carry to everywhere and enjoy it at anytime. As the awareness of health issues is rising rapidly in Malaysia, Nestle should provides their product with low sugar range or replace it with sugar cane which is more healthier compare to fine sugar. Lastly, Nestle should re-design their logo, label and packing as it rated as less attractive compare to its competitor. As the fast-development of multimedia, Nestle should fully utilize it in their packing and advertisement to suit the new generation. Reference Books and e-books Principle of Marketing 13th edition by Philips Kotler Gary Armstrong, 2010. United State of America, Pearson Prentice Hall. Marketing Strategy (global edition) 4th edition by O.C Farrell Michael D. Hartline ,2008. United State of America, Thomas South-Western. Business (tenth edition)by William M. Pride, Robert J. Hughes, Jack R. Kapoor, 2009. (Online) Available at http://books.google.com.my/books?id=zb0cItqvLJUCpg=PT427dq=customer+marketing+channelhl=enei=PNa4S6_3I4SyrAfPpfXDCgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=7ved=0CFMQ6AEwBg#v=onepageq=customer%20marketing%20channelf=false [accessed at 20th March 2010] Introduction to marketing conceptsBy Graeme Drummond, John Ensor, fifth edition

Recent Economic Developments Essay

The world is currently experiencing a dramatic change in the economy with the emerging forces in the world s most rapidly developing nations. These nations have the greatest market share in the global perspective and are a serious threat to established world corporations (Agtmael 2007). Most of the companies in the emerging economies have combined their production trends with information technology, which is encouraging innovation and creativity. Currently there are hundreds of companies from the emerging market that are global competitors. The most notable as described earlier are the Chinese and the Indians; scholars have ascertained that if the current trend in their development is not affected in a negative way, then by the year 2050, China and India would be among the three topmost powerful economies of the world (Marber 2008). Economic analyses have found that the leading companies from the emerging economies are growing at a very fast rate estimated at about 25% per year and more than 29% of their revenue is collected from foreign market, this is expected to grow up to 40% by 2010. Conclusion The social and economic changes in the world have been very critical in determining the economies of the nations. The development of the world financial market has lasted for over a century with different states changing their positions in the system. Bureaucratization is the notable early development of economic policies that saw increased collection of taxes in old empires and eventually enhanced the states ability to borrow money further increasing bureaucracy. Major phenomena that stimulated economic development were agriculture and capitalist economy, but the recent and significant of them was the industrialization which has intensely revolutionized economy. References Agtmael A. (2007). The Emerging Markets Century. How a new Breed Of World-class Companies is Overtaking the World. Free Press. Drori G. S, Meyer J. W and Hwang H. (2006). Globalization and Organizational Change. Oxford University Press. IFM (2003). World economic Outlook. Public Debt in Emerging Markets. International Monetary fund. Kahn H. (1979). World Economic Development. 1979 and Beyond. Taylor and Francis. Marber P. (2008) From Third World to Third Class. The Future of Emerging Markets in the Global Economy. Perseus Books. Staley E. (2008). World Economic Development. Efffects on Advanced Industrial Countries. International Labour Office.

Industrial Revolution Essay - 1205 Words

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Cultural Brisbane Brewing Co A Huge Impact On The...

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Movie Critique Cinderella Man - 1529 Words

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A Media Event Free Essays

We hope â€Å"Live Wire Media† needs no introduction to you. We are glad to observe from our records that the top officials of your Organization have been attending the annual Event, â€Å"Brainstorming Session† for the management executives from different types of manufacturing Organizations. The goal of such Organizations is simple and direct. We will write a custom essay sample on A Media Event or any similar topic only for you Order Now To care for the customers and sell more! This truth is known for a well-informed, progressive Organization like yours. Here we are presenting you the details about our 4th â€Å"Brainstorming Session.†Ã‚   Why again you need to choose â€Å"Live Wire Media† for the workshop of this genre? That which is evident requires no elaboration or appreciation. For example, light is bright; and it is evident. Milk is white; and it is evident. Simply say, â€Å"Live Wire Media†Ã¢â‚¬â€and everything is evident to the who’s who of the business world. You know about our contribution to your growth by your participation in our â€Å"Brainstorming Sessions† in the past. A special team headed by our Chief Public Relations Officer has delivered the invitation card at your office this morning. Kindly be informed that due to limited number of seats, two representatives from each Organization are expected to attend the session. The two-day session lasting for sixteen hours has been divided into eight parts and the duration of each session is for two hours. The brochure attached to the invitation provides further details. An advance copy of the souvenir, â€Å"WE REACH† to be released on the occasion is sent herewith for your information and guidance. We thank you for the valuable contribution of the article by your Managing director, â€Å"Have a will to grow, and grow you will!† Industry veterans of thirty four Companies from abroad have confirmed their participation in the session and they are all giant multinationals. The Electronic and Print Media will be present in strength to cover the deliberations of this event. We request you to send two copies of presentation from your Organization, at least one week before the scheduled event, so that the highlights of your valued submissions can be addressed by the chair. We expect, the ideal submission will be around 5 pages, though no restrictions are placed as for the length of the submission. Please feel free to write your well-researched views.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though â€Å"Live Wire Media† arranges about 40 such meetings, in a year, â€Å"Brainstorming Session† is our   flagship event that invites the attention of business organizations, world-over. Some of the important benefits of participation are, 1. Showcase your new products and be involved in the give-and-take trends. Build new relationships and strengthen the existing relationships. 2. The attached spacious hall to the conference venue has special arrangements for display of your latest products. Our trained sales-force is available to assist you, if need be.   This service is on payment basis.   Please seek more details from our Public Relations Officer. 3. Exchange ideas and seek/solutions from the decision-makers. 4. Gain technical knowledge about the new products. â€Å"We are committed in helping you build relationships with clients and major industry associations. We have the tools and resources available to provide you with the most effective ways to branch out your company, association or organizations.†(BNP†¦) On the eve of this conference we shall be issuing a sponsored press release, clubbing the various inputs to be provided by the participating organizations. To give the final shape to this release, we invite inputs from you for consolidation. No extra charges are expected for this exercise, and the expenses devolved on the advertisement, are covered in the participation fees. We are sure you will make use of this opportunity for public exposure of your innovative products. Mention something about your future expansion plans, from the global perspective. Kindly adhere to the deadline indicted in the brochure for submitting the inputs. References: BNP Media Events consisting of unique and valuable business meetings.. www.bnpevents.com/ – 19k – Cached – Retrieved on August 13, 2008    How to cite A Media Event, Papers

Automatic Ticketing System and Transport Globally

Question: Discuss about the Automatic Ticketing System and Transport Globally. Answer: Introduction: In the present time, increase in population has also increases the pressure on the transport department as they have to carry more people towards the desired destination respectively. In addition, people also have become more conscious to have value of a journey so that they can able to receive benefits equivalent to the fare price (Ferreira et al. 2013). It has induced transport authorities to initiate several strategies so that people can able to receive best possible services at the time of availing transport services. Automatic ticket collection system has also introduced in order to provide fare treatment to all the passengers. It has also has been developed with an objective to reduce the journey time of the people. However, the introduction of automatic ticketing system also has several challenges that transport authority has faced in past few years. In this research, the focus will be on different positive and negative aspect of automatic ticketing system. The research will a lso provide prime focus on Opal ticketing system that has introduced smartcard ticketing system for public transport sector. The Opal ticketing system is managed by government of New South Wales that includes transport medium like rail, light rail, bus and ferry services (Pasha et al. 2012). In this research, the focus will be on highlighting the positive and negative aspect of opal ticketing system or automatic ticketing system compared to manual process. The research will also try to identify the best possible way to utilize automatic ticketing system in future as well. Benefits of automatic ticketing system: As per the article by Chandra, Prakash and Lamdharia (2013) automatic ticketing system is now used primary form of payment and ticketing for travelling on public transport system in the urban areas. It has introduced by the transport authority to handle the extra pressure on transport on peak time. As opined by Nakfoor et al. (2012) automatic ticketing system has reduced the time taken to develop a ticket for particular personnel. Therefore, it has reduced the amount of difficulties that traveller has to face at the time of availing public transport services. As opined by Bhuvaneswari et al. (2013) automatic ticketing system also has reduced the confusion among the passengers regarding the payment charges of the travel. For instance, Opal ticketing system has developed unique identification number of each card so that passengers can be recognized accordingly. Furthermore, Opal ticketing system also communicates with the customers through channels so that they do not have to face any difficulties at the time of travelling. As per the article by Chidlovskii and Paredes (2014), automatic ticketing system helps government to develop database regarding the kind of revenue has been collected through the public transport medium. Therefore, it has also helped the government to collect taxes from the public transport sector in a much more effective way. Cost of automatic ticketing system: Isern-Dey et al. (2013) have highlighted several challenges that implementation of automatic ticketing system will create for the transport authority. Firstly, utilization of automatic ticketing system requires huge amount of investment from the transport authority for developing effective software that is capable of providing accurate ticket. As a result, it reduces the revenue of the transport authority drastically (Ahmed et al. 2015). Secondly, it also takes time for people to get accustomed with the newly implemented system. Therefore, it initially increases the possibility of miscommunication regarding the way of collecting tickets (Shiibashi and Mori 2014). Thus, public transport authority will have to provide enough guidance to all the passengers regarding the way of collecting ticket. It will induce transport authority to recruit more people to handle the rush in a proper way. Therefore, it eventually will increase the operating cost for the transport sector. As per the artic le by Tang et al. (2013) automatic ticketing system heavily depends on technology. Therefore, any malfunction in the technological system will create huge amount of difficulties for the passengers. In case of opal card system, it has been identified that several child and youth are availing the transport services without having a registered card. Therefore, it also has reduced the amount of revenue that transport authority can collect through the utilization of automatic ticketing system (Casals et al. 2014). Utilization of personal information for the development of automatic ticketing system also will increase the possibility miss-utilization of personal information. Thus, it will also induce transport authority to implement more security system so that personal information of the people remains intact. However, Chandra, Soni and Keshari (2014) have highlighted that use of automatic ticketing system is still restricted at the urban areas. As transport pressure is much higher in th e urban areas, automatic ticketing system has helped to handle the pressure in an effective way. On the other hand, use of automatic ticketing system is still not as much popular in the rural areas. Literature gap: The above discussion has highlighted that automatic ticketing system is still relatively new concept that includes both positive and negative aspect. Therefore, no unique technique has been developed for successful utilization of automatic ticketing system. Thus, the research study will try to evaluate both positive and negative aspect of the automatic ticketing system so that it can able to fulfil all the objectives of the research study in an appropriate manner. Research questions: Questions regarding the cost and benefits of the automatic ticketing system are as follows: What are the prime benefits of automatic ticketing system in public transport sector? What are the costs of automatic ticketing system in public transport sector? How automatic ticketing system can be used in a much more effective manner? How automatic ticketing system impacts on users in the urban areas? Research methodologies: As opined by Anand et al. (2013) research methodology plays crucial role in fulfilling all the objectives of the research study in an appropriate manner. Research methodology allows the study to implement a systematic procedure so that it can able to deliver desired outcome. In order to analyse the effectiveness of automatic ticketing system, research study will use positivism research philosophy, deductive research approach and descriptive research design. The study will focus on the utilization of the mentioned technique as it has the capability of capturing effective information regarding the topic of the study. Furthermore, the study will also utilize effective data analysis technique so that outcome of the study can able to fulfil all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Research philosophy: Philosophy of the research provides tools to enhance the quality of the information regarding the topic of the research study. The research philosophy has three parts including realism, positivism and interpretivism (Vuleti?, Vuleta?Radoi?i? and Kalogeras 2015). In order to evaluate automatic ticketing system, the research study will focus on the positivism research philosophy, as it will help to collect in-depth information regarding the implementation of automatic ticketing system. It also will help to capture hidden information on automatic ticketing system and its impact of the people who are looking to avail public transport on regular basis (Moshir et al. 2013). On the other hand, the research study will not consider other research philosophies, as it will enhance the required time for completing the research study in an appropriate manner. Research Approach: Research approach is implemented in the study to enhance the required format to be involved. Primarily, two basic research approaches are present namely deductive approach and inductive approach. In order to analyse cost and benefits of automatic ticketing system, deductive research approach will be selected. The study will select deductive approach as it will help to include several types of journals and theories so that it can able to fulfil all the requirements in an appropriate manner (Morris et al. 2015). Therefore, utilization of deductive approach will help to increase the value of the research study in an appropriate manner. On the other hand, the research study will not utilize inductive approach, as the study does not require introduction of any new concept. Research design: Research design helps to improve the evaluation framework regarding the topic of the research. It also helps to capture appropriate data so that it can able to fulfil all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Three types of design are there including exploratory design, descriptive design and explanatory design (Silverman 2016). In order to analyse all aspect of automatic ticketing system, the research study will focus on utilization of descriptive research design. The study will focus on descriptive research design, as it will help to define theories and approaches in an effective manner. It also helps to include more detailed assessment regarding the topic of the research study. Utilization of descriptive research design provides more close analysis, which will help to fulfil all the requirement of the research study in an appropriate manner. Gantt chart: Activities Week 1-2 Week 3-5 Week 6 Week 7-9 Week 10 Week 11-12 Week 13-14 Research topic Selection Developing layout Literature review Development of the research plan Selection of the research process Selection of data collection technique Selection of data analysis technique Findings of the Data Conclusion of the Study Final Submission Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: As created by the author) Research process: As per the article by Makihara et al. (2016) selection of research process is very important in order to fulfil all the requirements of the research topic. In this particular research study, systematic procedure will have to follow in order to fulfil all the objectives in an appropriate manner. Firstly, the topic of the research has been selected after considering several other topics based on the relevancy in current society. Secondly, the research has focused on the evaluation of several previous research studies so that it can able to develop the literature review in an effective manner. The literature review section has tried to include as many previous studies as possible in order to make it much more critical. Thirdly, the research study has developed research questions in order to channel the entire study to a particular direction. The study has developed research questions regarding the present challenges that automatic ticketing system is facing in the recent time. Furthermo re, the research study has tried to develop questions in such a way so that it can able to cover all aspects of the research topic in an appropriate manner. Fourthly, the research study will also focus on the proper utilization of research methodology techniques. The study will segregate the entire research study into different parts so that it can cover all areas of the study. The research methodology will be developed on the selection of research philosophy, research approach and research design that helps the entire study to move forward to a particular direction. Fifthly, the research study will focus on the selection of data collection and data analysis technique, as it is necessary to complete the entire study in an effective manner. The research study will consider different types of data collection procedure in order to fulfil all the objectives. Finally, the research study will focus on the evaluation of the outcome of the research study in order to identify the kind of ben efits in can provide to the concerned authority. Data collection and analysis process: As opined by Ardhito and Girsang (2016) proper utilization of data collection and analysis techniques are necessary in order to fulfil all the requirements of the research study in an effective manner. Generally, secondary and primary are the two types of data collection are used in the research study. However, due to lack of time, only primary data collection technique will be utilized in this particular study. The research study has selected primary data collection technique for the evaluation automatic ticketing system, as it will help the study to include practical perspectives. Furthermore, in order to evaluate automatic ticketing system, both qualitative and quantitative data collection technique will be utilized by the research study. The study will select 90 daily public transport passengers for the collection of quantitative data. The research study will focus on developing questionnaire with closed-end questions so that the captured information can provide an indication reg arding the topic of the research study. On the other hand, 15 public transport authority managers will selected for the collection of qualitative data regarding the topic of the research study. Internet as well as social media platform will be selected for the effective collection of quantitative data whereas face-to-face conversation mode will be selected to gather in-depth information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of implementing automatic ticketing system. The research study will consider several types of statistical tools and techniques for the effective analysis of collected data regarding automatic ticketing system. For instance, the research study will utilize mean, median, mode techniques at the time of analysing the collected data. Furthermore, the research study will also use correlation and regression technique, as it will help to enhance the value of the study. Expected research outcomes: From the above discussion, it can be assessed that the research study will able to depict the kind of benefits that it can able to provide for effective management of transport system. It is also expected that the research study will evaluate that automatic ticketing system is a future techniques which will have to be implemented in an appropriate manner. The study will also expected to depict the best possible way to reduce the adverse impact of automatic ticketing system so that people can avail public transport services in a much more effective manner. References: Ahmed, S.H., Yaqub, M.A., Bouk, S.H. and Kim, D., 2015, July. Towards content-centric traffic ticketing in VANETs: An application perspective. In2015 Seventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks(pp. 237-239). IEEE. Anand, V., Gupta, M., Kothari, R. and Madduri, V.R., International Business Machines Corporation, 2013.Automatic documentation of ticket execution. U.S. Patent 8,489,941. Ardhito, D. and Girsang, A.S., 2016. Optimization of the Bugs Classification of the Ticketing System in Software Development: a Study Case.CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal,10(2), pp.85-87. Bhuvaneswari, M., Sukhumar, S., Divya, N., Kalpanadevi, S. and SuthanthiraVanitha, N., 2013. Embedded system based automatic ticket vending machine for modern transport system.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering,2(11). Casals, M., Gangolells, M., Forcada, N., Macarulla, M. and Giretti, A., 2014. A breakdown of energy consumption in an underground station.Energy and buildings,78, pp.89-97. Chandra, D.G., Prakash, R. and Lamdharia, S., 2013, September. Mobile ticketing system for automatic fare collection model for public transport. InComputational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN), 2013 5th International Conference on(pp. 600-603). IEEE. Chandra, P., Soni, P. and Keshari, R.K., 2014. RFID-based Ticketing for Public Transport System: Perspective Megacity.International Journal,2(5). Chidlovskii, B. and Paredes, L.R.U., Xerox Corporation, 2014.System and method for trip plan crowdsourcing using automatic fare collection data. U.S. Patent 8,731,835. Ferreira, J.C., Filipe, P., Gomes, C., Cunha, G. and Silva, J., 2013, May. Taasticketing as a service. InCLOSER 2013-3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing. Isern-Dey, A.P., Vives-Guasch, A., Mut-Puigserver, M., Payeras-Capell, M. and Castell-Roca, J., 2013. A secure automatic fare collection system for time-based or distance-based services with revocable anonymity for users.The Computer Journal,56(10), pp.1198-1215. Makihara, Y., Kimura, T., Okura, F., Mitsugami, I., Niwa, M., Aoki, C., Suzuki, A., Muramatsu, D. and Yagi, Y., 2016, June. Gait collector: An automatic gait data collection system in conjunction with an experience-based long-run exhibition. InBiometrics (ICB), 2016 International Conference on(pp. 1-8). IEEE. Morris, S., Mucher, P. and Gilon, N., Hewlett-Packard Indigo BV, 2015.Automatic load balancer for presses. U.S. Patent 9,170,758. Moshir, S., Andrew, C.A., Hudler, J.L., Li, L., Gordon, J.M., Bacon, M., Williams, N., Lane, J., Horton, J.J. and Ferguson, D., Lumension Security, Inc., 2013.Non-invasive automatic offsite patch fingerprinting and updating system and method. U.S. Patent 8,407,687. Nakfoor, B., Flash Seats, Llc, 2012.Electronic ticketing system and method. U.S. Patent 8,131,572. Pasha, A., Rogers, K.L. and Heineman, C.R., Sporting Innovations, Llc, 2012.Systems and methods for automatic ticketing. U.S. Patent Application 13/416,969. Shiibashi, A. and Mori, K., 2014. Autonomous decentralized data consistency for high-assurance embedded system.International Journal of Computing,4(2), pp.105-112. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Tang, L., Li, T., Shwartz, L., Pinel, F. and Grabarnik, G.Y., 2013, August. An integrated framework for optimizing automatic monitoring systems in large it infrastructures. InProceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining(pp. 1249-1257). ACM. Vuleti?, P.V., Vuleta?Radoi?i?, J.J. and Kalogeras, D., 2015. Federated trouble ticket system for service management support in loosely coupled multi?domain environments.International Journal of Network Management,25(2), pp.95-112. Widmann, R., Grunberger, S., Stadlmann, B. and Langer, J., 2012, March. System integration of NFC ticketing into an existing public transport infrastructure. InNear Field Communication (NFC), 2012 4th International Workshop on(pp. 13-18). IEEE.